Bell ID was closely involved in the development of two nationwide electronic purses in The Netherlands: Chipper (initiated by KPN Telecom and ING Postbank) and Chipknip (initiated by Interpay and a partnership of Dutch banks). Bell ID contributed to the definition of specifications and protocols for both schemes and trialed the storage of biometric templates and photographs on the banking cards. Chipper used Bell ID’s ANDiS^© Key Management System (KMS) for the generation and distribution of cryptographic keys, needed for secure production and issuance of banking cards.